TITLE:
Engraftment of pre-differentiated stem cells into cardiomyocytes in an animal model of ischemic cardiopathy
AUTHORS:
Maria Teresa Gonzalez-Garza, Citlali Alcaraz, Lizbeth Gonzalez-Jara, Demetrio Arcos, Jorge E. Moreno Cuevas
KEYWORDS:
Cell Therapy; MSC; Regenerative Medicine; Cardiocyte Differentiation; Stem Cells
JOURNAL NAME:
Stem Cell Discovery,
Vol.4 No.1,
December
20,
2013
ABSTRACT: Stem cell
therapy for cardiac infarct regeneration has been widely used in clinical
research. Despite the fact that important advances in this field have been
reached, the observed recovery does not demonstrate new cardiac muscle formation.
Benefits have been observed due to an improvement in neovascularisation. The
main objective of this study was to determine if pre-differentiated stem cells
into cells of myocardic lineage are capable of engraftment in animal models
with induced cardiac infarct and are capable of truly differentiating into myocardiocytes.
Bone marrow rat stem cells were pre-differentiated with 5-AZ. After 4 weeks,
pre-differentiated stem cells express muscarinic 1, 2 and β adrenergic 2 receptors. Also, proteins such as sarcomeric α-actin, cardiac myosin heavy chain,
desmin and vimentin were detected by immunocytochemistry. Cells were transplanted
intracardialy in an ischemic cardiac rat model. Pre-differentiated or non
differentiated cells were transplanted after 4 weeks post infarct induction.
Histopathology of the hearts was made 2 weeks after cell transplantation.
Typical granulated tissue, scare formation and neovascularisation were observed
in both groups. However, in those hearts from rats inoculated with
pre-differentiated cells many appeared atypical and were α-actin sarcomeric positive. These events suggest that pre-differentiated
cells conserve some muscle characteristic traits in situ that at least last for two weeks after
transplantation.