TITLE:
Macro Rain Water Harvesting Network to Estimate Annual Runoff at Koysinjaq (Koya) District, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
AUTHORS:
Saleh Zakaria, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Yaseen T. Mustafa, M. D. J. Alshibli, Sven Knutsson
KEYWORDS:
Macro Rainwater Harvesting; Koysinjaq; Kurdistan Region; Iraq
JOURNAL NAME:
Engineering,
Vol.5 No.12,
November
26,
2013
ABSTRACT: Macro rainwater harvesting techniques (Macro RWH) are
getting more popular to overcome the problem of water scarcity in
arid and semi-arid areas. Iraq is experiencing serious water shortage problem
now despite of the presence of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. RWH can help to
overcome this problem. In this research, RWH was applied in Koya City
in its districts, North West Iraq. Twenty-two basins were identified as the catchment
area for the application of RWH technique. Watershed modeling system (WMS), based
on Soil Conservation Service-curve number (SCS-CN) method, was applied to
calculate direct runoff from individual daily rain storm using average annual
rainfall records of the area. Two consecutive adjustments for the curve number
were considered. The first was for the antecedent moisture condition (AMC) and
the second was for the slope. These adjustments increased the total resultant
harvested runoff up to 79.402 × 106 m3. The average
percentage of increase of harvested runoff volume reached 9.28%. This implies
that water allocation is of the order of 2000 cubic meter per capita per year.
This quantity of water will definitely help to develop the area.