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Lee, Y.T., Cho, S.K., Yoon, K., et al. (2011) Risk factors for intrauterine constraint are associated with ultrasonographically detected severe fibrosis in early congenital muscular torticollis. Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 46, 514-519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.08.003

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: The status of the cervical spine in preschool children with a history of congenital muscular torticollis

  AUTHORS: Anna M. Öhman

  KEYWORDS: Congenital Muscular Torticollis; Cervical Spine; Passive Range of Motion; Rotation; Muscle Function; Children

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, Vol.1 No.2, November 25, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Background: Infants with congenital muscular torticollis are born with an asymmetric range of motion and a muscular imbalance in the cervical spine, as a result of a shortening or excessive contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate passive range of motion (PROM) for rotation and lateral flexion, and muscle function of the cervical spine in children that had a history of CMT as infants. Study design: a prospective cohort study. Patient sample: 58 children at the age of 3.5 to 5 years that had been treated for CMT have infants participated in the study. Method: PROM was measured with protractors and muscle function was estimated with a modified Muscle Function Scale. Data from infancy were taken from earlier records. Result: PROM in rotation of the neck was mean 98.7° and PROM in lateral flexion of the neck was mean 69.1°. Symmetric PROM of the neck was found in 74% of the children for rotation and in 88% of the children for lateral flexion. Multiple regression showed that gender and PROM in rotation as infants had a significant impact on asymmetric PROM. Forty-five percent of the children had some degree of muscular imbalance in the lateral flexors of the neck. Conclusion: Possible risk factors for later asymmetric PROM are: gender, birth weight, gestation week and PROM in rotation as infants. These factors ought to be taken into consideration when developing guidelines for long-term follow-up.