Osteosarcopenia is a condition that is associated with aging, with risk factors that include genetics, endocrine function, and mechanical factors. Additionally, bone and muscle closely interact with each other not only anatomically, but also chemically and metabolically. Fat infiltration, a phenomenon observed in age-related bone and muscle loss, is highly prevalent and more severe in osteoporotic subjects. Clinically, when individuals suffer a combination of both disorders, negative outcomes such as falls, fractures, loss of function, frailty, and mortality increase, thus generating significant personal and socio-economic costs.

In the present book, eleven typical literatures about osteosarcopenia published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on osteosarcopenia. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in osteosarcopenia as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.